Geopolymer cement is a state of art novelty and tends to create a platform for substitution with conventional manufacturing materials for architectural and construction industry. The effect of replacement of coarse aggregate by ewaste material and cement by ggbs on properties of concrete are studied for compressive strength and split tensile strength for hardened concrete at the age of 28 days and 90 days. Pdf ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs, due to its pozzolanic nature, could be a great asset for the modern construction needs, because slag. The concrete slump test is known as standard test method for slump of hydraulic cement concrete and carries the code astm c 143 or aashto t 119. The use of ggbs serves as a replacement to already depleting conventional building materials. Effect of cementitious waste material ggbs on concrete as a replacement in cement quaid joharbhattiwala kuldeep dabhekar m. After iterative trial mixes the water cement ratio wc was selected as 0. On the other hand, it also contributes to environmental protection because it minimizes the use of cement during the production of concrete. The replacement of portland cement with ggbs will lead to significant reduction of carbon dioxide gas emission. Study of properties of concrete using ggbs and recycled. Effect of cementitious waste material ggbs on concrete as a. May 20, 2014 ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbs is a green construction material used to produce durable concrete. Durability of concrete is an important factor considered for structures.
Is ggbs a good partial replacement for cement in concrete mix. Pdf an experimental investigation on properties of ggbs based geopolymer concrete for high volume traffic editor ijret academia. Influence of ggbs on mechanical properties of high. Pdf strength and durability studies on ggbs concrete. Using one tonne of regen in concrete reduces the embodied co2 by around 900kg, compared to using one tonne of portland cement, and also increases its durability. Ordinary portland cement 53 grade was used throughout the study and the grade of concrete is m20.
Ggbs, which is a byproduct of the manufacturing of iron in the blast furnace, can partially replace cement in concrete. The results revealed that the ggbs more environmental and ecofriendly by product used in the cement industry keywords fly ash, ggbs, geopolymer i. Cement is use as a binder material in conventional concrete. Geopolymer concrete will be introduced as an alternative concrete which did not use any cement in its mixture and used metakaolin and ggbs as alternative cement. This paper presents a new mix design methodology for the design of self compacting concrete with ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs for percentage replacements varying between 20% and. Align ggbs with productivity and quality raise awareness and encourage productive practices b.
For example, partial replacement of portland cement by ggbs generally increases the resistance of concrete to sulphate attack and chloride attack. Very occasionally, it can be found up to a ratio of 90% ggbs and 10% pc. Ggbs is very useful in the design and development of highquality cement pastemortar and concrete. From the above two differences in composition compared with the portland cement, would show changes in the hydration reaction as well as the hydration products that are given ggbfs. Ecocem ggbs replacement greater than 66% is classified as a sulfate resistant cement. The present paper is an effort to quantify the strength of ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs at various replacement levels and evaluate its efficiencies in concrete.
Appearance on the leftggbs used on the rightportland cement 12. For ggbs contents of up to 60%, curing periods as recommended in is 326 and bs 8110 for portland cement. A typical combination is 50% ggbs with 50% portland cement, 4but percentages of ggbs anywhere between 20 and 80 % are commonly used. Fa and sf used were conforming to bs en 4501 and bs 2631 respectively. The production of ggbs requires less additional energy as compared with the energy needed for the production of portland cement. The proportions used in concretemaking vary quite considerably and the price of the material is key when it comes to producing a cubic metre of concrete to the required specification at the lowest possible cost. Nov 01, 2014 also produces a smoother, more defect free surface, due to the fineness of the ggbs particles. During this process, the slag gets fragmented and transformed into amorphous granules glass, meeting the requirement of is 12089. Groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular. Ggbs concrete ggbs proportions on its own, ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs hardens very slowly and, for use in concrete, it needs to be activated by combining it with portland cement. Influence of ggbs on mechanical properties of highstrength concrete s. What is the advantage of using ggbs as replacement of cement.
Two major uses of ggbs 2 are in the production of qualityimproved slag cement, namely portland blast furnace cement pbfc and highslag blastfurnace cement hsbfc, with ggbs content ranging typically from 30 to 70% and in the production of readymixed or sitebatched durable concrete. Ggbs cement is widely used in the uk and on the continent for making concrete. A concrete mix of m30 is taken as the reference mix. It is suggested that ggbs is generally beneficial in extending the life of concrete, and that this effect is especially important where the attack is the result of the movement of aggressive ions. A wide variety of ggbs cement options are available to you, there are 202 suppliers who sells ggbs cement on, mainly located in asia. Design of selfcompacting concrete with ground granulated. Ggbs was used as partial cement replacement and recycled aggregates as replacement for fine and coarse aggregate. Particle size effect of ground granulated blast furnace.
With over 200 sites and more than 3900 dedicated employees, were home to everything from aggregates, asphalt, readymixed concrete and precast concrete products. Introduction it is widely known that the production of portland cement. Regen ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs is a cement substitute, manufactured from a byproduct of the ironmaking industry. To analyze effect of ggbs on the properties of fresh concrete especially workability of concrete. From structural point of view, ggbs replacement enhances lower heat of hydration, higher durability and higher resistance to sulphate and chloride attack when compared with normal ordinary concrete. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs chemical. Particle size effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs in cement concrete v. Waterproof gloves, waterproof trousers and boots may be necessary. On top of that, we produce, import and export supply materials for cement and offer national road surfacing and contracting services. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs jsw cement. Can i add ggbs beyond the limit specified in is code. Introduction the blast furnace slag is a byproduct of the iron manufacturing industry.
High strength concrete using ggbs and nano tio 2 111. Physical properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs ground granulated blast furnace slag have a color nearly white in appearance. The top countries of suppliers are india, china, and vietnam, from which the percentage of ggbs cement supply is 4%, 88%, and 5% respectively. Water in ggbs concrete takes slightly longer to combine chemically to form hydration products, thus making ggbs concrete a little more sensitive to poor curing. What is the advantage of using ggbs as replacement of. As per is codes what is the maximum ggbs content i can add into concrete as a replacement of cement. This is important interview question, i want correct answer for it. Self compacting concrete mixtures produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive,split tensile. Blast furnace slag ggbs has been used as a supplementary material along with the cement.
The secondary pozzolanic reactions can result in reduced pore connectivity. Ground granulated blast furnace slag and silane on cement mortar. Tech scholar professor department of civil engineering department of civil engineering g. Fa was obtained from drax coalfired power station in the uk.
On optimum level of ggbs and fly ash was assessed with varied percentage from 0 to 30% for different curing days. Ggbs or ggbs water mixtures do not come into contact with the skin. It is added to the concrete mixer along with ordinary cement, aggregates and water. It improves the quality and durability of concrete. This is due to the presence of reactive silica in ggbs which offers good compatibility. High strength concrete incorporating ground granulated blast. Partial replacement of cement with ggbs in concrete. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs is byproduct from the blastfurnaces of iron and steel industries. This is particularly important where ggbs is being used in conjunction with cement e. Sustainable studies on concrete with ggbs as a replacement. A new ultrafine material emerged in market is called alccofine. Strength development characteristics of concrete produced. Partial replacement of cement with ggbs in self compacting.
Influence of granulated blast furnace slag on mechanical properties. Properties of concrete with ground granulated blast furnace. Pdf heat evolution and hydration modelling of ggbs cement. This is available as a cementious material for replacing cement. Wavell,olayinka oladiran journal of advanced concrete technology,volume, pp. Thus it can replace portland cement by up to 85% in making readymixed concrete.
Ordinary portland cement opc has been traditionally used in the construction of concrete. Cem iggbs concrete when compared with tarmac bulk portland cement concrete at the same cement content has the following properties. What is maximum content of ggbs in concrete mix design. It is observed that there is an increase in the compressive strength for different concrete mixes made with ggbs.
The development of a new cementitious material produced from cement and ggbs ali shubbar a, w. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs the importance of ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs lies in its greener way to become a substitute in concrete material. Pdf geopolymer concrete using kaolinite clay, fly ash and. Pdf ggbs and fly ash effects on compressive strength by. A typical combination is 50% ggbs with 50% portland cement, 4but percentages of ggbs. River sand passing through zone ii grading with a specific gravity of 2. Effects of pfa and ggbs on earlyages engineering properties of portland cement systems xiangming zhou,joel r. The normal ratios and proportions of aggregates and water to cementitious material in the mix remain unchanged. The ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is a byproduct of iron manufacturing, when added to concrete improves its properties such as workability the ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is a byproduct of iron manufacturing which when added to concrete. However, some concerns regarding its performance in freezing environments have been raised.
Regen is more sustainable than other cement substitutes such as fly ash. Pdf studies on optimum usage of ggbs in concrete raja. May 26, 2016 after the molten iron is tapped off, the remaining molten slag, which consists of mainly siliceous and aluminous residue is then waterquenched rapidly, resulting in the formation of a glassy granulate. The appropriate cement content for concrete of a given 28 day cube strength and slump should be determined from trial mixes. As hong kong is not a major producer of steel, ggbs as a byproduct of steel has to be imported overseas and this introduces higher material cost due to transportation and the supply of ggbs is unstable and unsteady. Ggbs concrete strength, ggbs give sustainable gain and strength 30% of ggbs strength decrease compared with control of concrete. Studies on the physical properties of ground granulated.
Ground granulated blast furnace slag conclusion jsw cement. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs or ggbfs and. Suitability of bs en 1971 cem ii and cem v cement for. The utilization of supplementary cementation materials is well accepted, since it leads to several possible improvements in the concrete composites, as well as the overall economy. This paper presents the workability study of concrete with ggbs as a replacement material for cement without the addition of super plasticizer. Granulated blast furnace slag is obtained by rapidly chilling quenching the molten ash from the furnace with the help of water. Concrete made with ggbs cement sets more slowly than concrete made with ordinary portland cement, depending on the amount of ggbs in the cement mix, but also continues to gain strength over a longer period leading to improved overall durability and life expectancy. High strength concrete incorporating ground granulated blast furnace slag and steel fibres. The air captured on this rough surface will reduce the.
Pdf design of selfcompacting concrete with ground granulated. Durability properties and microstructure of ground granulated. The incremental demand of cement in the construction field is a concern for environmental degradation, in this regard. Durability is an important factor that must be appreciable for any structure so that it is performing for the requirement for which it is built for. Apr 19, 2007 ggbs cement has exactly the same chemical constituents as ordinary portland cement, only in slightly differing proportions. A replacement rate of up to 70% is permitted by the i. There are many examples of using the ggbs concrete. Geopolymer cement is a state of art novelty and tends to create a. Effect of alccofine and ggbs addition on the durability of. Geopolymer concrete using kaolinite clay, fly ash and ggbs. Ggbs being a waste material, it needs proper method for disposal. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbs is widely used as a partial replacement for portland cement or as the major component in the alkaliactivated cement to give a clinkerfree binder. Ggbs technical data sheet ecocem ground granulated blastfurnace slag is used in combination with portland cement to produce superior longer lasting concrete. The indian cement industry is the second largest in the world with an installed capacity of 400 million tonnes and the production for the year 2014 was around 270 million tonnes and presently.
Atherton b, hassnen m jafer c, anmar dulaimi d, duaa alfaluji e a, e msc student, liverpool john. Ggbs is one of these supplementary materials used to replace with cement to reduce the consumption of the cement. Slower strength development and potentially higher longterm strength. Inorder to manipulate the adequate roughness and superhydrophobicity required by the coating on cement mortar, ggbs was synthesized to nano scale. Mechanical properties of high volume ggbs concrete with. Department of civil, structural and environmental engineering. Ground granulated blast furnace slag in concrete and its. Effect of ggbfs of durability properties of concrete is discussed in this article. In this study, reactive mgo is investigated as a potentially more practical and greener alternative as a ggbs. The use of ggbs in concrete has proved to improve certain properties, when compared to portland cement concretes.
Fly ash and ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbs are regarded as conventional cement constituents in much of the world. Another major hurdle of extensive use of ggbs concrete lies in the little source of supply of ggbs. This glassy granulate is dried and ground to the required size, which is known as ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs. May 21, 2017 yes ggbs is a good partial replacement for cement in concrete mix. Partial replacement of cement with ggbs in self compacting concrete for sustainable construction j. The development of a new cementitious material produced.
The basic properties of natural and recycled aggregate were determined. Split tensile strength of concrete for m40 vs % of ggbs from figure 6 and 7, it is observed that at about 40% replacement of cement with ggbs, concrete attains its maximum split tensile strength. The ordinary portland cement opc of grade 53 with a specific gravity of 3. Fereshtehalsadatsabet, nicolas ali libre had investigated the effect of natural zeolite, silica fume and fly ash on. On the basis of the wels for similar materials eg, portland cement and calcium silicate, lafarge cement recommend applying a wel of 10mg m. Casting and testing detail total number 12 cubes and 8 cylinders were casted. Ggbs and fly ash effects on compressive strength by partial. Ggbs is not currently listed in the table of workplace exposure limits wels, approved by the uk health and safety commission. Properties of concrete containing ground granulated blast. Groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder. Ggbs was obtained from ironmaking production in the uk. Earlyage strength of ggbs concrete is lower than the normal pc concrete. So incorporating this waste material in concrete can reduce the depletion of conventional concrete components such as cement.
For this purpose, normal concrete having compressive strength of 34 mpa was designed using ggbfs as partial replacement of cement. What is maximum content of ggbs in concrete mix design civil4m. Pdf the advisability of controlling peak temperature of concrete at. Since this a new material, a study is tried out with the combination of alccofine and ggbs.
High strength concrete incorporating ground granulated. Murali krishnan2 1 assistant professor, 2 student, department of civil engineering mailam engineering college, mailam, villupuram district, tamil nadu 604 304. Blue circle ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbs. Ggbs ground granulated blastfurnace slag is used all over the world as a direct replacement for portland cement.
Iron ore, coke, and limestone are fed into the furnace and. Ggbs cement prevents the occurrence of efflorescence, the staining of concrete surfaces by calcium carbonate deposits. Ggbs and fly ash effects on compressive strength by partial replacement of cement concrete. A cem i, 52,5n portland cement used for reference concrete mix for blending with fa, ggbs and sf to produce cem ii and cem v cements for the study. Ggbs partially replaced in concrete in step of 20% 0%, 20%, 40% and 60%. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs is a byproduct from the blast furnaces used to produce iron.
1398 920 251 58 1165 548 74 708 626 630 550 505 534 292 634 499 14 1212 136 121 1117 1426 663 997 509 624 186 296 1089 795 408 1024 1119 390 1374 1153 431 793 1333 623 579 510 1468 879